UK law sets maximum permitted loads for trailer axle groups (bogies). Limits apply at two levels: individual axles have their own legal ratings and axle groups have regulated maximums. In all cases, the lowest applicable limit governs the weight you can legally carry.
Maximum legal bogie weights
| Axle configuration | Maximum legal bogie load | Typical conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Single axle | Up to 10,000 kg | Requires a 10-tonne rated axle and tyres. Many common 385/65 R22.5 setups are rated at 9,000 kg. |
| Tandem (2-axle) bogie | 18,000-20,000 kg | 18,000 kg standard with 1.3-1.8 m spacing and 9-tonne axles. Up to 20,000 kg may be permitted where spacing exceeds 1.8 m and both axles and tyres are rated at 10 tonnes. |
| Tri-axle (3-axle) bogie | 24,000 kg (capped) | Legal maximum regardless of axle, tyre or spacing configuration. |
How spacing affects tandem bogies
The permitted load for a two-axle bogie depends on the distance between axle centres. Standard UK limits apply where spacing is approximately 1.3-1.8 m. Wider spacing may allow a higher plated limit, while closer spacing reduces the allowable group weight. Always confirm the plated rating for the specific trailer and axle set.
Important points
- Both individual axle limits and bogie (axle group) limits apply at all times.
- Higher component ratings do not override statutory road limits or plating conditions.
- Actual axle loads should be checked on a calibrated weighbridge to confirm compliance.
These requirements are defined in Schedule 11 of the Road Vehicles (Construction and Use) Regulations 1986 (as amended).
Work out your overall payload potential
Frequently asked questions
Do bogie limits replace individual axle limits?
No. Individual axles have their own limits and ratings, and axle groups (bogies) also have regulated maximums. You must comply with both, and the lowest applicable limit governs what you can legally carry.
Can wider axle spacing increase a tandem bogie limit?
In some cases. Tandem bogies with wider spacing and suitably rated axles and tyres may be plated at up to 20,000 kg. Standard spacing typically limits the group to 18,000 kg.
Do these limits affect how much payload I can carry?
Yes. Even if the overall combination weight allows additional payload, axle and bogie limits may restrict what you can legally load. Always consider these limits alongside your plated GCW and trailer ratings.
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